November, 2009 Maxims Date : 11-19 20:12: Views: 1807 Comments : 0 Topic :Aphorisms Aphorisms Date : 11-17 13:25: Views: 1017 Comments : 0 Topic :Aphorisms Review of The Lexicographer's Dilemma Date : 11-03 19:51: Views: 5317 Comments : 0 Topic :Books gpullman@gsu.edu | Published: 09-08 2009 Title: Critical Thinking and Learning Topic: Teaching Interesting brief over at boing boing on a book called How We Decide by Jonah Lehrer. (link)
Lehrer's description of the amazing ability of dopamine to "predict" upcoming events is gripping all the way along, but I was delighted to learn that neuroscientists call signals for missed predictions (that is, the signal released when dopamine is released in anticipation of a reward that doesn't come), emanating from the anterior cingulate cortex the "Oh shit" circuit. The ACC is closely wired to the thalamus, so activation of the "Oh shit" circuit galvanizes the conscious mind, bringing the stimulus right to the front of our attention. These mistakes are critical to good decision-making, as they are our best tutors. Lehrer describes a famous study from Stanford psych research Carol Dweck, who administered easy tests to 10-year-olds, who did well on it. The control group was praised for "being smart." The experimental group was praised for "trying hard." With only this difference, the two groups were then administered progressively harder tests. Dweck discovered that the "smart" kids did worse: they believed their initial good result was due to some innate virtue beyond their ken or control, and feared that a failure would show that they lacked this intangible. But the "hard-trying" group had been rewarded for taking intellectual risks, and so they continued. Afterwards, the "smart" kids rated the hardest tests as their least favorite; the "tryers" rated it as their most favorite. Published: 07-11 2008 Title: program assessment Topic: Teaching have students write reflective essay on course goals, or outcomes, or an element of a rubric(?) in addition to reflection on individual pieces. assessment strips rhetorical context of composition from evaluation. writing is situated, assessment is acontextual. http://wrt-howard.syr.edu/Bibs/Assessment.htm Published: 11-16 2007 Title: Expert Novice Topic: Teaching From Made to Stick,Cihp Heath and Dan Heath. Random House, New York: 2007 Tappers and Listeners
In 1990,Elizabeth Newton earned a PhD in psychology at Standford by studying a simple game in which she assigned people to one of two roles: "tappers" or "listeners". Tappers received a list of twenty-five well -known songs, such as "Happy Birthday to You" and "The star-Spangled Banner." Each tapper was asked to pick a song and tap out the rhythm to a listener (by knocking on a table). The listener's job was to guess that song, based on the rhythm being tapped. By the way, this experiment is fun to try at home if there's a good "listener" candidate nearby.)
The listener's job in this game is quite difficult. Over the course of Newton's experiment, 120 songs were tapped out. Listeners guessed only 2.5 percent5 of the songs: 3 out of 120.
But here's what made the result worthy of a dissertation in psychology. Before the listeners guessed the name of the song, Newton asked the tappers to predict the odds that the listeners would guess correctly. They predicted that the odds were 50 percent.
The tappers got their message across 1 time in 40, but they thought they were getting their message across 1 time in 2. Why? When a tapper taps, she is hearing the song in her head.... Meanwhile, the listeners can't hear that tune--all they hear is a bunch of disconnected taps, like a kind of bizarre Morse Code.
The problem is that tappers have been given knowledge (the song title) that makes it impossible for them to imagine what it's like to lack that knowledge. When they're tapping, they can't imagine what it's like for the listeners to hear isolated taps rather than a song. This is the Curse of Knowledge. Once we know something, we find it hard to imagine what it was like not to know it. Our knowledge has "cursed us. And it becomes difficult for us to share our knowledge with others, because we can't really re-create our listener's state of mind.(19-20) Published: 10-25 2007 Title: Are the kids alright? Topic: Teaching I've come across a number of "articles" about the stupification of American youth, most riffing on the idea that if you eat garbage and play video games you will get fat, lazy, and stupid (a good example). They are all variations on the ancient topic of the dissipation of the youth. Tacitus has a nice example from 79 BC. The problem with this topic is the problem will all topics -- it is an unexamined assumption dressed in brilliant examples of specific instances that seem to prove the assumption valid. Here's the thing to remember about the topic. Every generation is suspicious of its youth because the youth will get everything in the end. And they may not wait. They also get to define what is good and smart and useful and their opposites. So whatever skills their upbringing imparts, no matter how different from the skills their parents were brought up to acquire, those skills will define the good and the bad and the indifferent. If the kids can't read, that will mean that reading won't matter. To people of my generation this is disturbing, but that's because reading is central the the concept of civilization that we were born into. The kids weren't born into that world. And while the world they will inherit was literate, they may not wait to remake it into something else before we are done with it. The kids aren't bad. They're just going to outlive us and get everything we are going to have to leave behind and that makes us, in our more tired moments, resentful and suspicious. Plato represents Socrates as having thought that the youth of his day were having their minds and their characters warped by contact with printed words, that literacy makes people arrogant and unteachable. Plato inhabited the topic of the dissipation of the youth better than perhaps anyone. The inevitable irony being of course that for the next 2000 years literacy played a big role in civilization. Maybe not so much anymore. Published: 05-15 2007 Title: How to write a literature review Topic: Teaching Some one at the Critical Thinking workshop asked about a unit on teaching literature reviews so I've gone looking for some preliminary links. Two useful sites and quotations from them: Similar to primary research, development of the literature review requires four stages:
Literature reviews should comprise the following elements:
Deakin University
Besides enlarging your knowledge about the topic, writing a literature review lets you gain and demonstrate skills in two areas:
A literature review must do these things:
Published: 01-04 2006 Title: Decling literacy rates Topic: Teaching An interesting piece over at insidehighereducation.com about a recent study that indicated that college graduates are less literate today than 10 years ago. (link). See also the report that caused the stir.(PDF-link) Published: 12-20 2005 Title: Post Ph.D. Topic: Teaching There's an article worth sharing over at insidehighered.com called. "What They Don’t Teach You in Graduate School" by By Paul Gray and David E. Drew. (link) Published: 02-06 2005 Title: Teaching VS Advertising Topic: Teaching I've not had a chance to read this blog closely, but it looks like an interesting space for teaching and persuading written by someone who has taught programming. The blog is called Crating Passionate Users (link) Published: 09-22 2004 Title: Reading online Topic: Teaching Wired.com reports today that the publishing company Norton received 600,000 orders for a printed copy of the 9/11 Commission Report that could be obtained for free over the web. It seems, no surprise, that people are willing to pay for paper delivery rather than read online for free. (link) Published: 06-11 2004 Title: Site of the day Topic: Teaching While talking with some fellow teachers about casual internet based writing assignments we came up with the idea of the "site of the day" assignment, where each day a student get up in front of the class and shows off a site they found that they find interesting and then we talk about it. The skeptics dictionary caught my eye for this reason, despite the blatant advertising (link). Published: 10-01 2003 Title: HTML tutor Topic: Teaching That's overstating the case a bit, but having a window into which one can type and a window that displays the results automatically could be a good way to learn HTML and CSS because you can see how what you do gives you what you get. (link) Published: 06-19 2003 Title: CafePress.com Topic: Teaching CafePress will put your logo on stuff and sell it over the internet (link). It's an amusing way to promote rhetcomp @ gsu. Published: 06-19 2003 Title: WebHosting Topic: Teaching I've been thinking about getting a host reseller's account to make the digirhetoric classes easier to admin. (link) An alternative is to set up somthing on rhetcomp but the interface I've seen isn't very good. Published: 05-28 2003 Title: Writing and technology Topic: Teaching From an article on the devaluing of software engineering as a field. In sum, making software used to be a guild craft, handed down from generation to generation, now anyone can do it and now one wants to pay for it. I personally don't feel the need to lament, but what I've quoted here makes sense to me and underscores where I want to take my teaching. Today software and music, software and writing, software and all kinds of creativity, are indistinguishable. There is no clear line dilineating where one ends and the other starts. Nor is there a line between people. To be creative in either technology or the arts requires an understanding of both. Dave Winer Published: 05-06 2003 Title: Cant Topic: Teaching Here's a collection of contemporary adolecent cant (sp?) might be useful for a discussion fo style.
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